I am a philosopher working at the intersection of philosophy of mind and epistemology. Most of my research is on the imagination and imagistic representation.
I am currently a postdoc in the philosophy department at York University. Before that, I was a postdoc in the LOGOS Research Group at the University of Barcelona.
I got my Ph.D. in philosophy from New York University in 2023, supervised by Paul Boghossian, David Chalmers, and Jane Friedman. Before that, I did my B.A. in philosophy and psychology at the University of Miami.
When I'm not doing philosophy, I like to noodle around on my guitar, listen to (mostly scary) music, cook lots of delicious food, play videogames, and walk all over the place.


​Research
RESEARCH INTERESTS
​​Most of my research concerns the nature and epistemic role of the imagination, mental imagery, and images more generally. I approach these topics with a combination of a priori and empirically informed methodology. Here are some of the questions that I investigate in my research:
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Epistemology of Imagination
Can the imagination justify empirical beliefs? If so, how? Does the imagination generate new justification or merely preserve existing justification? Is imagination reducible to inference? Are there epistemic norms governing the imagination? How does the imagination contribute to epistemic values beyond justification, such as understanding?
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Nature of Imagination
Does the imagination correspond to a single cognitive kind? What do imaginings represent, and what determines what they represent? What sort of control do we have over our imaginings? Is mental imagery literally image-like? How does the imagination relate to other mental states such as perception, memory, and belief?
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Vividness and the Epistemic Role of Consciousness
What is vividness? What makes some mental images more vivid than others? How does the vividness of a mental image affect its justificatory role? Can mental imagery occur unconsciously? If so, can unconscious mental imagery justify belief?
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Analog and Iconic Representation
What is the nature of iconic (or image-like) representation? How does it relate to simpler forms of analog representation? Are iconic representations compositional? What are the expressive limitations of iconic representations? Are there iconic representations in the mind? Can analog and iconic representations feature in reasoning and inference?​
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PUBLICATIONS
​​The Epistemic Role of Vividness (2024, online first)
Analysis
The vividness of a mental image is higher-order evidence about a subject’s epistemic state, rather than first-order evidence about the world. (PDF)
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Imaginative Beliefs (2024, online first)
Inquiry
There are imaginative beliefs: mental states that are imaginative (in format) and doxastic (in attitude). (PDF)
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How Imagination Informs (2025)
The Philosophical Quarterly
The imagination can represent novel content and generate new justification in virtue of its analog format. (PDF)
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Imagination as a Source of Empirical Justification (2024)
Philosophy Compass
This paper reviews the recent literature on the epistemology of imagination and points to avenues for future research. (PDF)
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The Structure of Analog Representation (2023)
Noûs (co-authored with Andrew Lee and Gabriel Rabin)
A representational system is analog when it has interpretive rules that systematically map syntactic structure to semantic structure. (PDF)
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The Epistemic Status of the Imagination (2021)
Philosophical Studies
The imagination is a justified justifier: it is epistemically evaluable and can be epistemically based on evidence. (PDF)
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Reasoning with Imagination (2021)
Epistemic Uses of Imagination, Routledge
Imagination is a sui generis form of reasoning that is irreducible to reasoning with non-imaginative beliefs. (PDF)
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IN PROGRESS
A paper on the nature and epistemology of aphantasia (under review)
A paper on whether images can represent particulars
A paper on imagination and understanding
A paper on iconic representation (co-authored with Andrew Lee and Gabriel Rabin)​
A paper on the nature of understanding (co-authored with Alfredo Vernazzani)
A paper on compositionality in imagination (co-authored with Johannes Mahr)

Teaching
PRIMARY INSTRUCTOR
at York:
Philosophy of Cognitive Science (upcoming Winter 2026)
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at NYU:
Aesthetics (Summer 2021)
Epistemology (Summer 2020, 2 sections)
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TEACHING ASSISTANT
Early Modern Philosophy (Spring 2021, with Don Garrett)
Ancient Philosophy (Fall 2020, with Jessica Moss)
Nature of Values (Spring 2020, with Sharon Street)
Minds and Machines (Fall 2019, with David Chalmers)
Religion, Mind, and Society (Spring 2017, with William Green and Michael McCullough)
HIGH SCHOOL OUTREACH
Big Questions NYU/NYIP Outreach
(Fall 2017-Spring 2019, with Jessica Moss)

Misc.
JOB MATERIALS
PERSONAL
GET IN TOUCH
Please feel free to reach out to me here. I love talking philosophy and I welcome feedback/questions/comments/requests for drafts.
